A fasting blood sugar level of 7.1 mmol/L (128 mg/dL) is considered elevated and falls into the diagnostic range for diabetes mellitus, according to standard medical guidelines.
Fasting Blood Sugar Categories (According to the American Diabetes Association & WHO):
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) Level
Since your reading is 7.1 mmol/L, it meets the diagnostic threshold for diabetes, meaning further testing and medical evaluation are recommended to confirm the diagnosis.
Confirming Diagnosis
If a single fasting blood sugar reading is 7.1 mmol/L or higher, your healthcare provider may recommend further tests to confirm a diabetes diagnosis, such as:
- Repeat Fasting Blood Glucose Test: To rule out temporary fluctuations due to stress, illness, or other factors.
- Hemoglobin A1C Test: Measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. A reading of 6.5% or higher is indicative of diabetes.
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Measures blood glucose 2 hours after consuming a glucose-rich drink. A 2-hour glucose level of 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) or higher confirms diabetes.
Potential Health Risks of High Fasting Blood Sugar Levels
If left uncontrolled, consistently elevated fasting glucose levels can lead to complications such as:
- Cardiovascular disease (heart attack, stroke)
- Nerve damage (neuropathy)
- Kidney disease (nephropathy)
- Vision problems (diabetic retinopathy)
- Increased risk of infections and slow wound healing
Steps to Lower Fasting Blood Sugar Levels
If you have a reading of 7.1 mmol/L, it’s important to take proactive steps to manage your blood sugar:
- Dietary Modifications: Reduce intake of refined carbohydrates and sugars. Increase fiber-rich foods such as vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. Incorporate healthy fats (avocados, nuts) and lean proteins.
- Regular Physical Activity: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, such as brisk walking or cycling. Strength training to improve insulin sensitivity.
- Weight Management: Losing even 5-10% of body weight can significantly improve glucose levels.
- Stress Reduction: Practice stress management techniques like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing.
- Monitor Blood Sugar Regularly: Keep track of your blood sugar levels to understand patterns and triggers.
- Consult a Healthcare Provider: A doctor may recommend lifestyle interventions first or consider medication such as metformin if lifestyle changes are insufficient.
Conclusion
A fasting blood sugar level of 7.1 mmol/L suggests possible diabetes and should be evaluated further with additional tests. The ideal fasting glucose range is below 5.6 mmol/L, and adopting a healthy lifestyle can help prevent complications and improve blood sugar control. It’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized management and treatment options.